Retina · Retinal surgery

Retinal detachment

Retinal detachment occurs when the retina separates from the wall at the back of the eye. Deprived of its normal contact, it ceases to function in the detached area. This is an emergency that threatens vision and requires prompt management.

Close-up of an eye, iris and pupil in natural light

What is retinal detachment?

The retina is the thin membrane lining the back of the eye that captures light. Detachment occurs when it separates from the wall to which it is normally attached. Most often, a retinal tear allows fluid to pass behind it, gradually lifting it away. In the detached area, the retina is no longer nourished and ceases to function.

This is an ophthalmic emergency: the earlier management begins, the better the retina can be reattached.

Warning signs

Seek immediate attention if you suddenly notice: floaters (spots, threads), flashes of light, or a dark curtain-like veil encroaching on part of your visual field. As an emergency, contact an ophthalmologist or an ophthalmic emergency unit.

These signs are not always painful, but they should always prompt concern, especially if they appear suddenly or worsen rapidly.

Retina attached Detached retina (lifted)
Schematic, non-anatomical illustration: on the right, the retina is lifted by fluid and is no longer applied to the wall of the eye.

Causes and risk factors

Detachment often follows a retinal tear. Several factors increase the risk:

  • high myopia;
  • age and vitreous ageing;
  • trauma to the eye;
  • certain previous ocular surgeries;
  • a personal or family history of detachment or tear.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis rests on fundus examination, supplemented by imaging. It confirms the detachment, locates it, identifies the tear or tears, and guides management decisions. This is where Dr Gattoussi's expertise in retinal imaging is particularly valuable.

Management

Treatment of retinal detachment is surgical and must be carried out promptly. The aim is to reattach the retina and treat the tear or tears.

  1. 1

    Recognition of warning signs

    In the presence of warning signs, seek emergency consultation.

  2. 2

    Diagnosis

    Fundus examination and imaging to locate the detachment.

  3. 3

    Surgery

    Intervention to reattach the retina, using a technique suited to the case.

  4. 4

    Post-operative follow-up

    Close monitoring and specific instructions depending on the technique used.

Surgical techniques

Several techniques exist, chosen according to the type, location, and extent of the detachment. They may sometimes be combined.

Vitrectomy

The vitreous is removed through micro-incisions, the retina is reattached from within, and the tears are treated. A gas or other material may be placed in the eye to hold the retina in place during healing.

Scleral buckling

A small piece of material is placed on the outside of the eye to bring the wall closer to the retina at the site of the tear.

The technique is chosen on a case-by-case basis. Some involve specific head-positioning instructions after the procedure, which will be explained to you.

Frequently asked questions

Is retinal detachment an emergency?

Yes. In the presence of warning signs, you must seek attention immediately: prompt management improves the chances of reattaching the retina.

Can vision be recovered?

Recovery depends on the extent of the detachment, whether the macula is affected, and the speed of treatment. This is assessed on a case-by-case basis.

Can detachment recur?

Monitoring is put in place after the procedure. The risk and its prevention are explained during consultation.

Should the other eye be monitored?

Depending on the risk factors, monitoring of the other eye may be recommended.

See also

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Ophthalmology practice in Paris 11th. Online appointments via Doctolib, at any time. Sector 2 fees.