Stinging, a gritty sensation, burning eyes or paradoxically watering eyes: dry eye is one of the most common reasons for an eye consultation. Often benign, it can be relieved with simple measures and appropriate treatment.
In brief: dry eye arises from insufficient tears or poor-quality tears that no longer adequately protect the ocular surface. Screens, age, environment, and certain medications are contributing factors. Simple measures and artificial tears often provide relief; an examination can identify the underlying cause.
With every blink, a thin film of tears spreads across the eye to protect it, nourish it, and ensure clear vision. This film is composed of water, mucus, and a fine oily layer (produced by small glands along the eyelid margin) that prevents it from evaporating too quickly. Dry eye occurs when this film is insufficient or of poor quality: the ocular surface is no longer adequately protected and becomes irritated.
Dry eye is often multifactorial:
When using a screen, apply the 20-20-20 rule and remember to blink to re-spread the tear film.
Artificial tears, preferably preservative-free, provide relief. Seek advice for regular use.
Humidify the air, avoid direct airflow from air conditioning or heating onto the face.
In cases of gland involvement, warm compresses and eyelid hygiene may be recommended.
Good general hydration and a balanced diet contribute to comfort.
When discomfort persists, an examination identifies the cause and severity, and guides appropriate treatment: richer tear substitutes, treatment of surface inflammation, management of eyelid glands. Dry eye can also be a sign of another problem worth investigating.
In more severe forms, other solutions may be offered:
Continuing to wear contact lenses while symptoms persist.
Using "redness-relief" eye drops without medical advice.
Stopping treatment too early, particularly when a long-term treatment has been prescribed.
Neglecting eyelid hygiene, which is essential for many patients.
Spending long hours in front of a screen without taking breaks or blinking enough.
Dr Gattoussi sees patients in Paris 11th to assess the ocular surface and tailor management to each situation.
When the surface is irritated, the eye produces poor-quality reflex tears that do not stabilise the tear film. Watering can therefore be a sign of dry eye.
No. For regular use, preservative-free formulations are preferred, and it is helpful to seek advice.
Often it is managed rather than cured, especially when related to age or lifestyle. Treatments make it comfortable on a daily basis.
Often yes, but with precautions and sometimes a change of lens type. This is best discussed at a consultation.
This article is for general information purposes only and does not replace a consultation. It does not constitute individual medical advice.
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